Emeralds: the precious green gems

Emeralds are precious gems belonging to the beryl family, known for their characteristic deep green colour. This colouring is due to the presence of chromium and, in some cases, vanadium in their chemical composition.

Characteristics and training

Emeralds form in special geological environments where beryllium-rich rocks come into contact with hot fluids containing chromium and vanadium. This process, which takes place at high temperatures and pressures, can last millions of years.

The main characteristics of emeralds

• Colour: the green colour can vary from light to intense shades, with the most prized varieties showing a deep, vivid green.
• Inclusions: emeralds often have inclusions, i.e. small internal imperfections, which are considered a natural characteristic of these gems.
• Hardness: emeralds have a relatively high hardness on the Mohs scale of 7.5-8, making them scratch-resistant.

History and significance

Emeralds have a long history and have been valued since ancient times. They were considered symbols of rebirth, fertility and immortality. In ancient Egypt, Cleopatra was a great fan of emeralds and used them to adorn her jewellery.

Provenance and mining

The main emerald mines are located in Colombia, Zambia, Brazil and Zimbabwe. Colombian emeralds are particularly renowned for their quality and intense colour.

Use and value

Emeralds are mainly used in jewellery to create rings, necklaces, earrings and other valuables. Their value depends on several factors, including colour, purity, cut and carat weight. High quality emeralds can fetch high prices on the gem market.