Rubies are precious gems renowned for their intense red colour, a symbol of passion and power. They belong to the corundum family, the same as sapphire, and are mainly composed of aluminium oxide. Their red colour is due to the presence of chromium.

Characteristics and properties

• Colour: the most prized colour is ‘pigeon blood’, a pure and intense red with a slight bluish tinge. However, rubies can come in different shades of red, from pink to orange-red.
• Hardness: with a value of 9 on the Mohs scale, rubies are extremely hard and scratch-resistant, second only to diamond.
  Clarity: the clarity of rubies varies, and inclusions are common. However, some rubies with rutile inclusions may show a much appreciated ‘star’ (asterism) effect.
• Provenance: rubies are found in different parts of the world, including Myanmar (Burma), Thailand, Sri Lanka, Madagascar and Mozambique. Each location produces rubies with unique characteristics.

Famous Rubies

The ‘Sunrise Ruby’, one of the largest and most precious rubies in the world, weighing 25.59 carats. The ‘Graff Ruby’, an 8.62-carat Burmese ruby with a deep red colour and exceptional clarity.

Uses and meanings

Rubies are widely used in jewellery for rings, necklaces, earrings and bracelets. Throughout history, rubies have been associated with power, passion, courage and protection. Rubies are believed to bring good luck, love and happiness.

The ruby, with its vibrant colour and unique properties, continues to fascinate and to be one of the world's most precious and coveted gems.